chapter 16 Blood

Function of Blood
> transport of gases
> transport of processed molecules
> transport of regulatory molecules
> regulation of pH and osmosis
> maintenance of body temperature
> protection against foreign substances
> clot formation








Composition of Blood:

	Red Blood Cells
	White Blood Cells
	Platelets
	Plasma which contains:  Glucose Amino-acids Vitamins  Hormones  Mineral salts Antibodies Antitoxins Urea Phospholipids Lipoproteins Hydrogen carbonate ions Fibrinogen Red blood cells > normal red blood cells are disc-shaped cells with edge that are thicker than the center of the cells. > the main component of a red blood cells is pigmented protein hemoglobin. >each polypeptide chain, called a globin, is bound to one heme. >each heme is a red pigment molecule containing one iron atom. White Blood Cells > are spherical cells that lack hemoglobin. > white blood cells can leave the blood and move by ameboid movement through the tissues Platelets > are minute fragment of cells, each consisting of a cells. > each consisting of a small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane > preventing blood loss Blood cloting Vascular Spasm > is an immediate but temporary constriction of a blood vessel resulting from a contraction of smooth muscles. ABO Blood group > the ABO system is used to categorize the human blood